在J2ME中,主要有三种方法实现多线程
我们知道,在操作系统级别上软件的运行一般都是以进程为单位,而在每个进程的运行过程中允许同时并发执行多个不同线程,这就使得一个程序能同时执行不同的操作。使用多线程的目的是为了最大限度地利用计算机CPU资源。JAVA程序字节码最终是在JVM虚拟机下运行的,同一虚拟机进程中的不同操作都是通过多线程来运行的。在JAVA虚拟机中,线程常用有单线程和多线程,单线程指程序执行过程只是一个有效操作的序列,不同操作都有着明确的先后顺序;而多线程允许同时进行着不同的操作,这些不同的操作同时并发进行着,并由CPU时钟频率根据不同的调度方式对他们进行执行调度。
在JAVA语言中提供了丰富的多线程操纵接口,提供了各类不同的线程实现方法供我们选择,功能非常强大。在手机软件设计中,由于同样需要执行网络连接(基于HTTP的高级Internet协议通讯)、UI调度等待、UI显示幻化、游戏控制等操作需要通过后台的数据运算或UI不断更新等操作。因此在J2ME中,KVM虚拟机也提供了功能强大的多线程API,使我们同样能在J2ME中实现线程的并发运算。
在J2ME中,主要有以下三种方法实现多线程。
一、继承Thread类(java.lang.Thread)
通过编写线程类继承Thread类并重写Thread类中的run()方法实现线程,当线程对象被运行时候将会自动执行run方法中的实体内容,从而开辟一个单独的线程并运行起来。
如:public class ThreadSimple extends Thread{
public ThreadSimple()
{
//constructor
}
public void run()
{
//run code entity
}
}
线程实例使用,直接创建对象并调用start()方法即可运行线程。
new ThreadSimple()。start();当执行start方法时候,将会自动运行run方法,但是执行start方法时候只做了一件事,就是将线程转化为可执行状态,然后等待操作系统进行调度并运行,因此无法保证线程能立即启动。在JAVA中,Thread类实现了Runnable接口,因此run方法是通过实现接口Runnable中的抽象方法。
二、直接实现Runnable多线程接口(java.lang.Runnable)
线程接口Runnable中只有一个抽象方法run,通过实现Runnable接口中的方法的类即可创建出有多线程特征的对象,但该对象并无法使其启动线程,需要作为参数并借助Thread的构造方法构造创建对象并调用start方法对线程进行启动。
如:public class RunnablSimple implements Runnable{
public RunnableSimple()
{
//constructor
}
public void run(){
//run code entity
}
}
实现类型的对象使用:
RunnableSimple rs = new RunnableSimple(); new Thread(rs).start();
由此可见,以上两种方法都是通过Thread的start来启动线程的,实际上所有的线程操作都是封装在Thread这个类中,由Thread对象调用各种接口来控制线程。
J2ME中线程中主要方法:void setPriority(int newPriority),设置线程优先级,在操作系统中线程的调度是不确定性的,可以通过该方法设置相应线程的优先级别。
static void sleep(long millis) ,线程中静态方法,用于让线程进入休眠状态,执行该方法将会让线程在指定时间millis毫秒内休眠。
void start(),使现在进入可执行状态。 void run() ,线程执行主体。 void join(),等待该线程终止。 boolean isAlive(),用于判断线程是否出于Alive状态。 static void yield() ,尽量让其他线程先执行。
三、使用任务组合实现多线程
在J2ME中,同样具有JAVA中的任务处理组合类,他们分别为Timer和TimerTask,可以使用他们实现多线程,简单说就是定时实现任务。
Timer是JAVA中的一个定时器,可以实现在某一时间做某件事或者在某一时间段做某些事,分别通过方法schedule(TimerTask tt,long millis)和schedule(TimerTask tt,long start,long off)。
TimerTask是一个任务类,通过继承该类并覆盖方法run即可创建一个任务。
如:public class TimerTaskS extends TimerTask{
public TimerTaskS(){
//constructor
}
public void run(){
//run code entity
}
}
任务调用:
Timer timer = new Timer(); //3秒钟后执行任务 timer.schedule(new TimerTaskS(),3000); //3秒钟后执行任务并且之后每5秒钟执行一次 timer.schedule(new TimerTaskS(),3000,5000);
有此可见在使用计时任务可以达到实现线程的效果,分别执行不同的并发操作,通过Timer类对象来操作TimerTask对象,通过schedule方法来计时执行任务,在结束任务的时候,通常使用cancel()来实现。
通常情况下,在J2ME软件中我们通过手机按键来触发一系列相应的操作,在程序响应处理过程中较多会涉及网络操作、数据存储等相对消耗时间和资源的操作,而这些操作往往需要一定的时间才能完成,因此在处理按键响应过程中通常我们需要建立线程处理,避免程序出现死机现象。
public void commandAction(Command c, Displayable s) {
if(c==do1Com){
//创建实现接口线程
new Thread(new RunnableSimple()).start();
}
else if(c==do2Com){
//创建继承Thread线程
new ThreadSimple().start();
}
else{
//创建任务线程
new Timer().schedule(new TimerTaskS(),3000,20);
}
}





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